Biology XII – MHT-CET

By Admin / September 7, 2020

Entire syllabus of 12th standard Biology for preparation of MHT-CET. Follows Maharshtra Board syllabus.

Course Information

Categories: 12th, Biology, MHT-CET

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Chapter 1 : Reproduction in Lower and Higher Plants

1.1 Asexual Reproduction : Fragmentation, Budding, Spore Formation

1.1 Asexual Reproduction : Vegetative Reproduction

1.2 Sexual Reproduction

1.2 Structure of Anther

1.3 Microsporogenesis : Structure of microspore

1.3 Microsporogenesis : Development of male gametophyte

1.4 Structure of Anatropous ovule

1.5 Megasporogenesis : Development of female gametophyte

1.6 Pollination

Always Remember

1.6 Pollination : A. Abiotic Agents : 1. Pollination by wind (Anemophily)

1.6 Pollination : A. Abiotic Agents : 2. Pollination by water (Hydrophily) :

1.6 Pollination : B. Biotic Agents : 1. Pollination by insects (Entomophily)

1.6 Pollination : B. Biotic Agents : 2. Pollination by birds (Ornithophily)

1.6 Pollination : B. Biotic Agents : 3. Pollination by Bats (Chiropterophily)

1.7 Outbreeding devices (contrivances) Part I

1.7 Outbreeding devices (contrivances) Part II

1.8 Pollen – Pistil Interaction

Artificial Hybridization

1.9 Double Fertilization

1.9 Significance of Double Fertilization

1.10 Development of Endosperm

1.11 Development of Embryo

1.12 Seed and Fruit Development

1.14 Parthenocarpy

1.15 Polyembryony

Chapter 2: Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals

2.1 Asexual Reproduction in animals

2.2 Sexual reproduction in animals

2.2 Human Reproduction

2.2 A. Male Reproductive System: a. Testes

2.2 A. Male Reproductive System: b. Accessory ducts

2.2 A. Male Reproductive System: c. Glands

2.2 A. Male Reproductive System: d. External genitalia

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: 1. Ovary

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: Ovarian histology of a mature female

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: Structure of Graafian follicle

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: 2. Oviduct / Fallopian tube / Uterine tube

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: 3. Uterus

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: 4. Vagina

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: 5. External genitalia

2.2 B. Female Reproductive System: 6. Accessary glands

2.2 Puberty / Sexual maturity in Males

2.2 Puberty / Sexual maturity in Females

2.3 Menstrual cycle (Ovarian cycle) : a. Menstrual phase

2.3 Menstrual cycle (Ovarian cycle) : b. Proliferative phase / Follicular phase / Post menstrual phase

2.3 Menstrual cycle (Ovarian cycle) : c. Ovulatary phase

2.3 Menstrual cycle (Ovarian cycle) : d. Secretory phase / Luteal phase

2.4 Gametogenesis : Spermatogenesis

2.4 Structure of sperm

2.4 Gametogenesis : Oogenesis

2.4 Structure of secondary oocyte

2.5 Fertilization / Syngamy : Mechanism of fertilization : a. Movement of sperm towards egg

2.5 Fertilization / Syngamy : Mechanism of fertilization : b. Entry of sperm into the egg

2.5 Fertilization / Syngamy : Mechanism of fertilization : c. Activation of ovum

2.5 Fertilization / Syngamy : Mechanism of fertilization : Significance of fertilization

2.6 Embryonic development : Cleavage

2.6 Embryonic development : Blastulation

2.6 Embryonic development : Implantation

2.6 Embryonic development : Gastrulation

2.6 Embryonic development : Fate of germinal layers

2.7 Pregnancy : First Trimester

2.7 Pregnancy : Second Trimester

2.7 Pregnancy : Third (final) Trimester

Know The Institue

2.9 Parturition

2.11 Reproductive Health : Part I

2.11 Reproductive Health : Part II

2.12 Birth control : a. Temporary methods: 1. Natural methods

2.12 Birth control : a. Temporary methods: 4. Chemical means & 5. Mechanical means

2.12 Birth control : a. Temporary methods: 6. Physiological (Oral) Devices & 7. Other contraceptives

2.12 Birth control : b. Permanent Method

2.12 Birth control : Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)

2.13 Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

2.14 Infertility : Part I

2.14 Infertility : Part II

2.14 Infertility : Part III

Chapter 3: Inheritance and Variation

3.1 Chromosomes and Mechanism of inheritance.

3.1 Reasons for Mendel’s Success

3.1 Seven pairs of contransting visible characters in pea plant

3.2 Genetic Terminology: Part I

3.2 Genetic Terminology: Part II

3.2 Genetic Terminology: Part III

3.3 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance : 1. Law of Dominance

3.3 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance : 2. Law of segregation

3.3 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance : 3. Law of Independent Assortment

3.4 Back Cross and Test Cross

3.5 Deviations from Mendel’s findings

3.5 Deviations from Mendel’s findings : a. Incomplete dominance

3.5 Deviations from Mendel’s findings : b. Co-dominance

3.5 Deviations from Mendel’s findings : c. Multiple alleles

3.5 Deviations from Mendel’s findings : d. Pleiotropy

3.6 Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

3.7 Chromosomes

3.7 Chromosomes : Number of chromosomes

3.7 Chromosomes : Structure of chromosome

3.7 Chromosomes : Sex Chromosomes

3.8 Linkage and Crossing Over : Linkage

3.8 Linkage and Crossing Over : Sex-linkage

3.8 Linkage and Crossing Over : Crossing Over

Know The Scientist

3.8 Linkage and Crossing Over :Morgan’s Experiments showing linkage and crossing over

3.9 Autosomal Inheritance

3.10 Sex Linked Inheritance : a. X-linked (sex linked) genes

3.10 Sex Linked Inheritance : b. Y-linked (Holandric) genes

3.10 Sex Linked Inheritance : Colour blindness

3.10 Sex Linked Inheritance : Haemophilia (Bleeder’s disease)

3.11 Sex Determination

3.11 Sex Determination : a. Sex Determination in human beings

3.11 Sex Determination : b. Sex Determination in birds

3.11 Sex Determination : c. Sex Determination in honey bees

Something Interesting

3.12 Genetic Disorders : Thalassemia

3.12 Genetic Disorders : Down’s Syndrome (21 st trisomy)

3.12 Genetic Disorders : Turner’s Syndrome & Klinefelter’s syndrome

Chapter 4 : Molecular Basis of Inheritance

4.1 The Discovery of DNA

4.2 The Genetic Material is a DNA

4.2 The Genetic Material is a DNA : Griffith’s experiments

4.2 The Genetic Material is a DNA : Avery, McCarty and MacLeod’s experiment

4.2 The Genetic Material is a DNA : Hershey – Chase Experiment

4.3 DNA packaging : Packaging in Prokaryotes

4.3 DNA packaging : Packaging in Eukaryotes : Part I

4.3 DNA packaging : Packaging in Eukaryotes : Part II

4.4 DNA Replication : Part I

4.4 DNA Replication : Part II

4.4 DNA Replication : Part III

4.4 DNA Replication : Experimental confirmation : Semiconservative Replication- Part I

4.4 DNA Replication : Experimental confirmation : Semiconservative Replication- Part II

4.5 Protein synthesis

4.5 Protein synthesis: A. Transcription

4.5 Protein synthesis: A. Transcription: Transcription Unit

4.5 Protein synthesis: A. Transcription: Transcription unit and the gene

4.5 Protein synthesis: A. Transcription: Processing of hnRNA

4.5 Protein synthesis: Genetic Code: Part I

4.5 Protein synthesis: Genetic Code: Part II

4.5 Protein synthesis: Genetic Code: Dictionary of genetic code

4.5 Protein synthesis: Genetic Code: Characterestic of Genetic code

4.5 Protein synthesis: Mutations and Genetic Code

4.5 Protein synthesis: t-RNA- the adapter molecule

4.5 Protein synthesis: B. Translation – protein synthesis

4.5 Protein synthesis: Mechanism of translation : 1. Initiation of Polypeptide chain

4.5 Protein synthesis: Mechanism of translation : 2. Elongations of polypeptide chain

4.5 Protein synthesis: Mechanism of translation : 3. Termination and release of polypeptide

4.6 Regulation of gene expression

4.7 Operon concept

4.7 Operon concept : Lac operon

4.8 Genomics : Application of genomics

4.9 Human Genome Project

4.10 DNA Fingerprinting : Part I

4.10 DNA Fingerprinting : Part II

Know the scientists

Chapter 5 : Origin and Evolution of life

5.1 Origin of life

5.2 Chemical Evolution of Life (Self assembly theory of origin of life) -Part I

5.2 Chemical Evolution of Life (Self assembly theory of origin of life) -Part II

5.2 Chemical Evolution of Life (Self assembly theory of origin of life) -Part III

5.2 Urey and Miller’s Experiment

5.2 RNA World Hypothesis

5.3 Organic Evolution

5.4 Darwinism -Part I

5.4 Darwinism -Part II

5.4 Darwinism -Part III

5.5 Mutation Theory

5.6 Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution

5.6 Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution : a. Genetic variations -Part I

5.6 Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution : a. Genetic variations -Part II

5.6 Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution : b. Natural selection

5.6 Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution : c. Isolation -Part I

5.6 Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution : c. Isolation -Part II

5.7 Mechanism of organic evolution

5.7 Mechanism of organic evolution : a. Stabilizing selection

5.7 Mechanism of organic evolution : b. Directional selection

5.7 Mechanism of organic evolution : c. Disruptive Natural selection

5.7 Mechanism of organic evolution : Isolation & Speciation

5.8 Hardy-Weinberg’s principle

5.9 Adaptive Radiation

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : A. Palaeontology

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : A. Palaeontology- Types of fossils

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : A. Palaeontology – Connecting link (missing link)

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : B. Morphology – a. Homologous organs

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : B. Morphology – b. Analogous organs

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : B. Morphology – c. Vestigeal organs

5.10 Evidences of organic evolution : B. Morphology – d. Molecular Evidences

5.11 Speciation

5.12 Geological time scale -Part I

5.12 Geological time scale -Part II

5.12 Geological time scale -Part III

5.13 Human Evolution -Part I

5.13 Human Evolution -Part II

5.13 Human Evolution -Part III

Chapter 6: Plant Water Relation

6.1 Properties of water

6.2 Water absorbing organ

6.3 Water available to roots for absorption

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : a. Imbibition

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : b. Diffusion

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : c. Osmosis – Part I

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : c. Osmosis – Part II

6.5 Water Potential

6.6 Plasmolysis

6.7 Path of water across the root – Part I

6.7 Path of water across the root – Part II

6.8 Mechanism of absorption of water : a. Passive absorption

6.8 Mechanism of absorption of water : b. Active absorption

6.9 Translocation of water : a. Root Pressure Theory – Part I

6.9 Translocation of water : a. Root Pressure Theory – Part II

6.9 Translocation of water : b. Capillarity theory

6.9 Translocation of water : c. Cohesion- tension theory – Part I

6.9 Translocation of water : c. Cohesion- tension theory – Part II

6.10 Transport of mineral ions – Part II

6.11 Transport of food – Part I

6.11 Transport of food – Part II

6.12 Transpiration – Part I

6.12 Transpiration – Part II

6.13 Structure of stomatal apparatus

6.13 Opening and Closing of Stoma

6.13 Significance of Transpiration

Chapter 6: Plant Water Relation

6.1 Properties of water

6.2 Water absorbing organ

6.3 Water available to roots for absorption

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : a. Imbibition

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : b. Diffusion

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : c. Osmosis – Part I

6.4 Absorption of water by roots from soil : c. Osmosis – Part II

6.5 Water Potential

6.6 Plasmolysis

6.7 Path of water across the root – Part I

6.7 Path of water across the root – Part II

6.8 Mechanism of absorption of water : a. Passive absorption

6.8 Mechanism of absorption of water : b. Active absorption

6.9 Translocation of water : a. Root Pressure Theory – Part I

6.9 Translocation of water : a. Root Pressure Theory – Part II

6.9 Translocation of water : b. Capillarity theory

6.9 Translocation of water : c. Cohesion- tension theory – Part I

6.9 Translocation of water : c. Cohesion- tension theory – Part II

6.10 Transport of mineral ions – Part II

6.11 Transport of food – Part I

6.11 Transport of food – Part II

6.12 Transpiration – Part I

6.12 Transpiration – Part II

6.13 Structure of stomatal apparatus

6.13 Opening and Closing of Stoma

6.13 Significance of Transpiration

Chapter 7: Plant Growth and Mineral Nutrition

7.1 Plant growth

7.2 Phases of growth

7.3 Conditions for Growth

7.4 Growth Rate

7.4 Types of Growth

7.5 Growth curve

7.6 Differentiation, De-Differentiation, Re-Differentiatio

7.7 Development

7.9 Growth Hormones : a. Auxins

7.9 Growth Hormones : b. Gibberellins

7.9 Growth Hormones : c. Cytokinin

7.9 Growth Hormones : d. Ethylene

7.9 Growth Hormones : e. Abscissic Acid

7.10 Photoperiodism – Part I

7.10 Photoperiodism – Part II

7.10 Photoperiodism – Part III

7.11 Vernalization

7.12 Mineral nutrition

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part I

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part II

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part III

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part IV

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part V

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part I

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part II

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part III

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part IV

Chapter 7: Plant Growth and Mineral Nutrition

7.1 Plant growth

7.2 Phases of growth

7.3 Conditions for Growth

7.4 Growth Rate

7.4 Types of Growth

7.5 Growth curve

7.6 Differentiation, De-Differentiation, Re-Differentiatio

7.7 Development

7.9 Growth Hormones : a. Auxins

7.9 Growth Hormones : b. Gibberellins

7.9 Growth Hormones : c. Cytokinin

7.9 Growth Hormones : d. Ethylene

7.9 Growth Hormones : e. Abscissic Acid

7.10 Photoperiodism – Part I

7.10 Photoperiodism – Part II

7.10 Photoperiodism – Part III

7.11 Vernalization

7.12 Mineral nutrition

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part I

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part II

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part III

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part IV

7.12 Mineral nutrition – Part V

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part I

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part II

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part III

7.13 Nitrogen cycle – Part IV

Chapter 8 : Respiration and Circulation

8.1 Organs of Respiratory Exchange

8.2 Human Respiratory system – Part I

8.2 Human Respiratory system – Part II

8.2 Human Respiratory system – Part III

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : A. Breathing

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : B. External respiration

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : Pulmonary volumes and capacities

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : C. Internal respiration : i. Transport of oxygen

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : C. Internal respiration : ii. Transport of CO2

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : D. Cellular Respiration

8.4 Regulation of Breathing

8.5 Modified Respiratory Movements

8.6 Common disorders of respiratory system – Part I

8.6 Common disorders of respiratory system – Part II

8.6 Common disorders of respiratory system – Part III

8.7 Transportation in living organisms

8.8 Circulation in animals -Part I

8.8 Circulation in animals -Part II

8.9 Circulatory System in Human

8.10 Red blood corpuscles / Erythrocytes

8.11 White blood corpuscles / Leucocytes: A. Granulocytes

8.11 White blood corpuscles / Leucocytes: B. Agranulocytes

8.12 Thrombocytes / Platelets

8.13 Heart – Part I

8.13 Heart – Part II

8.13 Heart – Part III

8.13 Heart – Part IV

8.14 Working mechanism of human heart – Part I

8.14 Working mechanism of human heart – Part II

8.15 Blood vessels : Arteries

8.15 Blood vessels : Veins

8.15 Blood vessels : Capillary

8.16 Blood pressure : Arterial Blood Pressure – Part I

8.16 Blood pressure : Arterial Blood Pressure – Part II

8.16 Blood pressure : Measurement of blood pressure

8.16 Hypertension

8.16 Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

8.16 Angiography

8.16 Heart Transplant & Silent Heart Attack

Know the Scientist

8.17 Electrocardiogram

8.18 Lymphatic System

Chapter 8 : Respiration and Circulation

8.1 Organs of Respiratory Exchange

8.2 Human Respiratory system – Part I

8.2 Human Respiratory system – Part II

8.2 Human Respiratory system – Part III

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : A. Breathing

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : B. External respiration

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : Pulmonary volumes and capacities

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : C. Internal respiration : i. Transport of oxygen

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : C. Internal respiration : ii. Transport of CO2

8.3 Mechanism of respiration : D. Cellular Respiration

8.4 Regulation of Breathing

8.5 Modified Respiratory Movements

8.6 Common disorders of respiratory system – Part I

8.6 Common disorders of respiratory system – Part II

8.6 Common disorders of respiratory system – Part III

8.7 Transportation in living organisms

8.8 Circulation in animals -Part I

8.8 Circulation in animals -Part II

8.9 Circulatory System in Human

8.10 Red blood corpuscles / Erythrocytes

8.11 White blood corpuscles / Leucocytes: A. Granulocytes

8.11 White blood corpuscles / Leucocytes: B. Agranulocytes

8.12 Thrombocytes / Platelets

8.13 Heart – Part I

8.13 Heart – Part II

8.13 Heart – Part III

8.13 Heart – Part IV

8.14 Working mechanism of human heart – Part I

8.14 Working mechanism of human heart – Part II

8.15 Blood vessels : Arteries

8.15 Blood vessels : Veins

8.15 Blood vessels : Capillary

8.16 Blood pressure : Arterial Blood Pressure – Part I

8.16 Blood pressure : Arterial Blood Pressure – Part II

8.16 Blood pressure : Measurement of blood pressure

8.16 Hypertension

8.16 Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

8.16 Angiography

8.16 Heart Transplant & Silent Heart Attack

Know the Scientist

8.17 Electrocardiogram

8.18 Lymphatic System

Chapter 9 : Control and Coordination

9 Control and Coordination

9.1 Nervous System in Hydra

9.2 Nervous System in Planaria (flatworm)

9.3 Neural tissue – Part I

9.3 Neural tissue – Part II

9.3 Neural tissue – Part III

9.4 Synapse : 1. Properties of nerve fibres – Part I

9.4 Synapse : 1. Properties of nerve fibres – Part II

9.4 Synapse : 2. Types of synapses : a. Electrical synapse

9.4 Synapse : 2. Types of synapses : b. Chemical synapse

9.5 Transmission of nerve impulse

9.5 Transmission of nerve impulse : Generation of nerve impulse : 1. Depolarization

9.5 Transmission of nerve impulse : Generation of nerve impulse : 2. Re-polarization

9.6 Human Nervous System : 1. Central nervous system (CNS) – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : 1. Central nervous system (CNS) – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part III

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part IV

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : b. Mid brain

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : c. Hind brain

9.6 Human Nervous System : B. Spinal Cord – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : B. Spinal Cord – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Cranial Nerves – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Cranial Nerves – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Reflex Action

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Types of Reflex Action

9.6 Human Nervous System : 3. Autonomic Nervous System: a. Sympathetic Nervous System

9.6 Human Nervous System : 3. Autonomic Nervous System: b. Parasympathetic Nervous System

Chapter 9 : Control and Coordination

9 Control and Coordination

9.1 Nervous System in Hydra

9.2 Nervous System in Planaria (flatworm)

9.3 Neural tissue – Part I

9.3 Neural tissue – Part II

9.3 Neural tissue – Part III

9.4 Synapse : 1. Properties of nerve fibres – Part I

9.4 Synapse : 1. Properties of nerve fibres – Part II

9.4 Synapse : 2. Types of synapses : a. Electrical synapse

9.4 Synapse : 2. Types of synapses : b. Chemical synapse

9.5 Transmission of nerve impulse

9.5 Transmission of nerve impulse : Generation of nerve impulse : 1. Depolarization

9.5 Transmission of nerve impulse : Generation of nerve impulse : 2. Re-polarization

9.6 Human Nervous System : 1. Central nervous system (CNS) – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : 1. Central nervous system (CNS) – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part III

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : a. Forebrain – Part IV

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : b. Mid brain

9.6 Human Nervous System : A. The Human brain : c. Hind brain

9.6 Human Nervous System : B. Spinal Cord – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : B. Spinal Cord – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Cranial Nerves – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Cranial Nerves – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Part I

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Part II

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Reflex Action

9.6 Human Nervous System : 2. Peripheral Nervous System : Spinal Nerves – Types of Reflex Action

9.6 Human Nervous System : 3. Autonomic Nervous System: a. Sympathetic Nervous System

9.6 Human Nervous System : 3. Autonomic Nervous System: b. Parasympathetic Nervous System

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Types of receptors – Part I

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Types of receptors – Part II

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Eye – Part I

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Eye – Part II

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Eye – Part III

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Eye – Part IV

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Ear – Part I

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Ear – Part II

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Ear – Part III

9.7 Sensory Receptors : Ear – Part IV

9.8 Disorders of nervous system – Part I

9.8 Disorders of nervous system – Part II

9.9 Endocrine system

9.9 Endocrine system : Chemical nature & properties of hormones

9.9 Endocrine system : A. Mode of hormone action through membrane receptors

9.9 Endocrine system : B. Mode of action through intracellular receptors

9.13 Major endocrine glands : A. Hypothalamus

9.13 Major endocrine glands : B. Pituitary gland or hypophysis gland

9.13 Major endocrine glands : B. Pituitary gland or hypophysis gland : Adenohypophysis – Part I

9.13 Major endocrine glands : B. Pituitary gland or hypophysis gland : Adenohypophysis – Part II

9.13 Major endocrine glands : B. Pituitary gland or hypophysis gland : Neurohypophysis

9.13 Major endocrine glands : B. Pituitary gland or hypophysis gland : Pars intermedia

9.13 Major endocrine glands : C. Pineal gland

9.13 Major endocrine glands : D. Thyroid gland

9.13 Major endocrine glands : D. Thyroid gland : Disorders related to thyroid gland

9.13 Major endocrine glands : E. Parathyroid gland

9.13 Major endocrine glands : F. Thymus gland

9.13 Major endocrine glands : G. Adrenal gland/Suprarenal gland – Part I

9.13 Major endocrine glands : G. Adrenal gland/Suprarenal gland – Part II

9.13 Major endocrine glands : H. Pancreas

9.13 Major endocrine glands : I. Gonads

9.13 Major endocrine glands : J. Diffuse endocrine glands – Part I

9.13 Major endocrine glands : J. Diffuse endocrine glands – Part II

Chapter 10 : Human Health and Diseases

10.1 Immunity : A. Types of immunity : i. Innate immunity – Part I

10.1 Immunity : A. Types of immunity : i. Innate immunity – Part II

10.1 Immunity : A. Types of immunity : ii. Acquired immunity

10.1 Immunity : B. Cells of Immune System – Part I

10.1 Immunity : B. Cells of Immune System – Part II

10.1 Immunity : C. Vaccination

10.2 Structure of Antibody

10.2 ABO Blood Groups

10.3 Common Human Diseases

10.3 Common Human Diseases : A. Malaria – Part I

10.3 Common Human Diseases : A. Malaria – Part II

10.3 Common Human Diseases : B. Amoebiasis – Part I

10.3 Common Human Diseases : B. Amoebiasis – Part I

10.3 Common Human Diseases : C. Ascariasis

10.3 Common Human Diseases : D. Filariasis/ Elephantiasis

10.3 Common Human Diseases : E. Typhoid

10.3 Common Human Diseases : F. Pneumonia

10.3 Common Human Diseases : G. Common Cold

10.3 Common Human Diseases : H. Ring Worm (Dermatophytosis)

10.3 Common Human Diseases : I. Dengue

10.3 Common Human Diseases : J. Cancer

10.3 Common Human Diseases : J. Cancer – a. Types of Cancer

10.3 Common Human Diseases : J. Cancer – b. Causes of Cancer

10.3 Common Human Diseases : J. Cancer – c. Treatment of Cancer

10.3 Common Human Diseases : K. AIDS – Part I

10.3 Common Human Diseases : K. AIDS – Part II

10.3 Common Human Diseases : K. AIDS – Part III

10.3 Common Human Diseases : K. AIDS – Part IV

10.4 Adolescence – Part I

10.4 Adolescence – Part II

10.4 Adolescence – Part III

10.6 Drugs Abuse – Part I

10.6 Drugs Abuse – Part II

10.6 Drugs Abuse – Part III

Chapter 11 : Enhancement of Food Production

11.1 Improvement In Food Production

11.2 Plant breeding

Know the Scientist

11.2 Plant breeding : A. Hybridization and its technique -Part I

11.2 Plant breeding : A. Hybridization and its technique -Part II

11.2 Plant breeding : A. Hybridization and its technique -Part III

11.2 Plant breeding : Indian Hybrid Crops -Part I

11.2 Plant breeding : Indian Hybrid Crops -Part II

11.2 Plant breeding : B. Mutation Breeding

11.3 Tissue culture – Part I

11.3 Tissue culture – Part II

11.3 Tissue culture – Micropropagation (Clonal Propagation)

11.4 Single cell protein (SCP)

11.5 Biofortification

11.6 Animal husbandry

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : A. Animal breeding

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : B. Dairy farm management

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : C. Poultry farm management

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : D. Apiculture or bee keeping

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : E. Fishery

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : F. Sericulture

11.6 Management of farms and farm animals : G. Lac culture

11.7 Microbes in human welfare – Part I

11.7 Microbes in human welfare – Part II

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : a. Production of Alcoholic Beverages

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : b. Production of organic acids

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : b. Production of organic acids

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : c. Production of vitamins

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : d. Production of Antibiotics

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : e. Production of Enzymes

11.8 Role of Microbes in Industrial Production : f. Gibberellin production

11.9 Microbes in Sewage Treatment – Part I

11.9 Microbes in Sewage Treatment – Part II

11.9 Microbes in Sewage Treatment – Part III

11.10 Microbes in Energy Genration – Part I

11.10 Microbes in Energy Genration – Part II

11.11 Role of Microbes as Biocontrol Agents – Part I

11.11 Role of Microbes as Biocontrol Agents – Part II

11.12 Role of Microbes as Biofertilizers

11.12 Role of Microbes as Biofertilizers : Types of Biofertilizers

11.12 Role of Microbes as Biofertilizers : Fungal biofertilizers

11.12 Role of Microbes as Biofertilizers : Biofertilizer microorganisms

Chapter 12 : Biotechnology

12.1 Biotechnology

12.2 Principles and Processes of Biotechnology

12.2 A. Tools and techniques for gene cloning/ rDNA technology

12.2 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

12.2 II. Biological tools – Part I

12.2 II. Biological tools – Part II

12.2 II. Biological tools – Part III

12.2 II. Biological tools – Part IV

12.3 Methodology for rDNA technology – Part I

12.3 Methodology for rDNA technology – Part II

12.3 Methodology for rDNA technology – Part III

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : a. Healthcare Biotechnology

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : b. Agriculture

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : c. Gene therapy – Part I

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : c. Gene therapy – Part II

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : I. Transgenic Plants – Part I

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : I. Transgenic Plants – Part II

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : I. Transgenic Plants – Part III

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : I. Transgenic Plants – Part IV

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : II. Transgenic animals -Part I

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : II. Transgenic animals -Part II

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : II. Transgenic animals -Part III

12.4 Applications of Biotechnology : d. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) : II. Transgenic animals -Part IV

12.5 Bioethics, bio-piracy and bio-patent

12.6 Effects of Biotechnology on the Environment

12.7 Effects of Biotechnology on Human Health

12.8 Biopiracy : Examples of Biopiracy

Chapter 13 : Organisms and Populations

13 Organisms and Populations

13.1 Organisms and the environment around – Part I

13.1 Organisms and the environment around – Part II

13.1 Organisms and the environment around – Part III

13.1 Organisms and the environment around – Part IV

13.2 Major Abiotic Factors : Temperature, Water

13.2 Major Abiotic Factors : Light, Soil

13.2 Major Abiotic Factors : Effect on Living Organisms

13.3 Adaptation

13.4 Population

13.4 Population : Age distribution and Age pyramid

13.4 Population : Population Growth – Part I

13.4 Population : Population Growth – Part II

13.5 Population Interactions : Mutualism

13.5 Population Interactions : Competition

13.5 Population Interactions : Parasitism

13.5 Population Interactions : Predation

13.5 Population Interactions : Commensalism

Chapter 14 : Ecosystems and Energy flow

14 Ecosystems and Energy flow

14.1 Ecosystem : Structure and Function – Part I

14.1 Ecosystem : Structure and Function – Part II

14.1 Ecosystem : Structure and Function : a. Productivity

14.1 Ecosystem : Structure and Function : b. Decomposition

14.2 Energy Flow – Part I

14.2 Energy Flow – Part II

14.2 Energy Flow – Part III

14.3 Ecological Pyramids – Part I

14.3 Ecological Pyramids – Part II

14.4 Nutrient Cycles : Carbon Cycle

14.4 Nutrient Cycles : Phosphorus Cycle

14.5 Ecological Succession : Succession – Part I

14.5 Ecological Succession : Succession – Part II

14.5 Ecological Succession : Succession of Plants

14.6 Ecosystem Services

Chapter 15 : Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues

15 Biodiversity, Conservation and Environmental Issues

15.1 Levels of Biodiversity

15.2 Patterns of Biodiversity : a. Latitudinal and altitudinal gradients

15.2 Patterns of Biodiversity : b. Species-Area relationships

15.2 Importance of species diversity to the ecosystem

15.3 Biodiversity Current Scenario

15.4 Loss of Biodiversity

15.4 Loss of Biodiversity : Causes of Biodiversity losses – Part I

15.4 Loss of Biodiversity : Causes of Biodiversity losses – Part II

15.4 Loss of Biodiversity : Causes of Biodiversity losses – Part III

15.4 Loss of Biodiversity : Causes of Biodiversity losses – Part IV

15.5 Conservation of Biodiversity : Why to conserve Diversity?

15.5 Conservation of Biodiversity : How do we conserve biodiversity? – a. In situ conservation

15.5 Conservation of Biodiversity : How do we conserve biodiversity? – b. Ex situ conservation

15.6 Biological diversity Act 2002

15.7 Environmental issues : a. Air Pollution -Part I

15.7 Environmental issues : a. Air Pollution -Part II

15.7 Environmental issues : a. Air Pollution -Part III

15.7 Environmental issues : a. Air Pollution -Part IV

15.7 Environmental issues : b. Noise pollution

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control : Domestic sewage and Industrial Effluents

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control : Natural Eutrophication

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control : Measures to reduce sewage water

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control : Solid Waste Management

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control : Solid Waste Management

15.7 Environmental issues : c. Water Pollution and its Control

15.8 Greenhouse effect

15.8 Global warming

15.9 Ozone depletion

15.10 Deforestation – Part I

15.10 Deforestation – Part II

15.11 Mission Harit Maharashtra

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